Publicar

09 - TENDÊNCIA TEMPORAL E PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA MORTALIDADE POR INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO EM GOIÁS NO PERÍODO DE 2020 A 2024

Doi: 10.47094/XCESMED.2026/9

PALAVRAS CHAVE: Estatísticas de Mortalidade, Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio, Séries Temporais.

KEYWORDS: Mortality Statistics, Acute Myocardial Infarction, Time Series.

ABSTRACT:
INTRODUCTION: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major public health issue, ranking among the leading causes of mortality in Brazil. It is associated with cardiovascular risk factors—such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and unhealthy lifestyle habits—which are highly prevalent in the population and linked to AMI. Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the state of Goiás, there is a clear need for continuous monitoring. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological profile and temporal trend of mortality due to acute myocardial infarction in the state of Goiás from 2020 to 2024. METHODS: This was a descriptive, ecological time-series study using a quantitative approach and secondary data from the Mortality Information System (SIM/DATASUS). Deaths attributed to acute myocardial infarction (ICD-10 code I21) in Goiás between 2020 and 2024 were included. The variables analyzed were the number of deaths, sex, age group, and temporal distribution. Mortality rates per 100,000 inhabitants were calculated using population data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), including the 2022 Demographic Census and official intercensal estimates. Data were organized in a spreadsheet and analyzed using descriptive statistics, including absolute and relative frequencies. Simple linear regression was applied to assess the temporal trend. RESULTS: A total of 14,617 deaths due to AMI were recorded during the analyzed period. A predominance of males (64.2%) over females (35.8%) was observed. The majority of deaths occurred in individuals aged 60 years or older (72.5%), particularly in the 60–69 and 70–79 age groups, highlighting an increase in mortality with advancing age. There was a progressive increase in the number of deaths between 2020, 2021, and 2022, peaking in 2022 (3,121 deaths), followed by a decrease in 2023 (3,020) and 2024 (2,871). Mortality rates followed this trend, rising from approximately 38.6 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants in 2020 to 44.2 in 2022, then decreasing to 41.9 in 2023 and 39.0 in 2024. Trend analysis using linear regression indicated an initial growth pattern, followed by a decline in the final period of the series. CONCLUSION: Mortality due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains high in Goiás, disproportionately affecting men and the elderly. An upward trend was observed until 2022, followed by a decrease in subsequent years. This pattern may reflect population aging, indirect impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic (such as difficulties accessing healthcare services), and factors related to the demographic and epidemiological transition—including the rising prevalence of chronic diseases—which also contribute to sustained high AMI mortality rates. These findings underscore the need for strategies to prevent and control cardiovascular risk factors, particularly among the elderly population.

Autores

  • Carla Caroline Cunha Bastos

  • Emilly Gonçalves de Jesus

  • Gabriela Nogueira Ferro

  • Kamilly Gonçalves de Jesus

  • Laura Bernardes Moreira Alves

Download