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03 - ESQUEMAS ELÉTRICOS, CIRCUITOS DE LEITURA DE SENSORES E ACIONAMENTO DE ATUADORES NO SISTEMA DE IRRIGAÇÃO

Doi: 10.47094/978-65-284-0682-1/29-33

PALAVRAS CHAVE: Inteligência artificial - Aplicações médicas. Redes neurais (Ciência da computação) - Aplicações médicas. Sistemas de detecção de objetos (YOLO).

KEYWORDS: Artificial intelligence - Medical applications. Neural networks (Computer science) - Medical applications. Object detection systems (YOLO).

ABSTRACT:
1. INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTATION AND FIELD CIRCUITS

The reliability of an automated irrigation system depends critically on the quality of the electronic circuits designed to interface field devices with an embedded microcontroller. In the Irrigation and Field Sensing System (SILF), the hardware must perform two fundamental and complementary tasks: the continuous acquisition of edaphoclimatic data (soil moisture, relative air humidity, and ambient temperature) and the safe activation of high-power hydraulic actuators (centrifugal water pumps and solenoid valves).
Designing these electronic circuits requires rigorous attention to the electrical characteristics of the sensors and actuators, as well as the voltage levels supported by the microcontrollers. While the ESP32 operates natively with 3.3 V logic on its general-purpose input/output (GPIO) pins, field loads often require voltages of 12 V, 24 V, or even 220 V (alternating current). Therefore, the design of the sensing and actuation circuitry must ensure proper signal conditioning, electromagnetic noise filtering, and the electrical isolation necessary to protect logic components from overvoltages and current spikes.
This chapter presents the complete electrical schematics, specifications for the edaphoclimatic sensors, the data acquisition circuitry, the embedded filtering and computational averaging logic, and the power actuation circuitry used in the automated irrigation platform.

Autores

  • Adriano Soares de Oliveira Bailão

  • Alexandre Garcia Rezende

  • Daniel Xavier Vieira

  • Juliana Fortunato

  • Laenor Henrique Tenório Dantas Brandão

  • Laila Teixeira de Souza

  • Leandro Manuel Pereira Sanches

  • Leonardo Nazário Silva dos Santos

  • Marconi Batista Teixeira

  • Samira Alice de Oliveira

  • Sergio Souza Novak

  • Thiago Gratz Spinassé

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