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07 - BACKEND PYTHON FLASK: API RESTFUL, ARQUITETURA DE ROTAS, PERSISTÊNCIA MYSQL E TESTES DE INTEGRAÇÃO NA IRRIGAÇÃO IoT

Doi: 10.47094/978-65-284-0682-1/69-91

PALAVRAS CHAVE: Inteligência artificial - Aplicações médicas. Redes neurais (Ciência da computação) - Aplicações médicas. Sistemas de detecção de objetos (YOLO).

KEYWORDS: Artificial intelligence - Medical applications. Neural networks (Computer science) - Medical applications. Object detection systems (YOLO).

ABSTRACT:
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE BACKEND FOR THE AGRONOMIST: THE CENTRAL ENGINE OF THE DIGITAL FARM

For an agronomist, rural producer, or crop manager, understanding the computational infrastructure that supports digital agriculture becomes clear when using the analogy of a central pump station in a drip or center-pivot irrigation system.
On an automated farm, the crop area may feature kilometers of hydraulic piping, dozens of solenoid valves installed across the fields, and solar panels in the open. However, no sector will receive a single drop of water if the central pump station—housing the main water pump, fertigation dosers, disc filters, electrical control panels, and pressure gauges—is not functioning perfectly and delivering the correct water flow to the intended sector.
In software engineering, the "Backend" is precisely the "central pump station" of an information system (SOMMERVILLE, 2016). While the "Frontend" (Chapter 6) represents the visual interface with which a human operator interacts, and the ESP32 microcontrollers (Chapter 5) act as the electrical actuators in the field, the Backend serves as the invisible intelligence running on a remote server. It processes business logic, manages database connections, and ensures that commands issued by the agronomist are executed securely (MARTIN, 2017).
In the hypothetical application developed within the `/sistema/backend-irriga` directory, the Backend server was built using the Python programming language and the Flask web framework. This chapter aims to explain each component of this backend in detail, presenting its source code, route architecture, MySQL database, and integration testing tools.

Autores

  • Adriano Soares de Oliveira Bailão

  • Alexandre Garcia Rezende

  • Daniel Xavier Vieira

  • Juliana Fortunato

  • Laenor Henrique Tenório Dantas Brandão

  • Laila Teixeira de Souza

  • Leandro Manuel Pereira Sanches

  • Leonardo Nazário Silva dos Santos

  • Marconi Batista Teixeira

  • Samira Alice de Oliveira

  • Sergio Souza Novak

  • Thiago Gratz Spinassé

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