The use of energy piles to harness shallow geothermal energy (SGE) for sustainable air conditioning systems is a promising technology in Brazil. Due to the imbalance in thermal load demand throughout the year, understanding the performance of heat exchange piles is crucial for the advancement of this technology in Brazil. This study focused on the energy foundations of a living lab building under construction at the University of São Paulo, in São Paulo city, characterized by a multi-layered soil profile predominantly composed by clayey sand layers interspersed with thin organic clay. In multi-layered soils, thermal conductivity and permeability vary with depth. Granular soils can enhance underground heat dissipation in the presence of a groundwater flow. However, clayey soils exhibit a very different thermal behavior. This paper aims to analyze heat propagation in multi-layered soil through a Thermal Performance Test (TPT) conducted on a continuous flight auger (CFA) energy pile in São Paulo. This test maintained an inlet fluid temperature of 35°C with a fluid flow rate of 10.85 L/min, lasting almost 11 days. Pile monitoring revealed higher increases in the pile temperature along the section installed in the organic clayey layer, while the heat dissipation was faster in pile sections installed in the sand layers.