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208 - RESPOSTAS BIOLÓGICAS AO ESTRESSE TÉRMICO: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA FISIOLOGIA E DESEMPENHO NA PRODUÇÃO SUÍNA

Doi: 10.47094/978-65-284-0452-0/2082-2087

PALAVRAS CHAVE: Bioclimatologia. Termorregulação. Eficiência produtiva.

KEYWORDS: Bioclimatology. Thermoregulation. Productive efficiency.

ABSTRACT:
Heat stress is one of the main climatic obstacles for contemporary swine production, drastically affecting animal welfare and the economic viability of the sector. This study aimed to conduct a systematic literature review on the biological and physiological responses triggered by high temperatures and their direct impacts on the zootechnical performance of the swine production chain, performing an exhaustive search in the SciELO, Scopus, and PubMed databases for articles published in the last five years. The discussion among the selected authors shows that anatomical characteristics inherent to the species, such as the absence of functional sweat glands, combined with intense genetic improvement focused on lean meat deposition, severely limit latent heat dissipation capacity. Consequently, the animal is forced to divert its metabolic energy to maintain homeostasis through cardiovascular and respiratory responses, such as peripheral vasodilation and increased respiratory rate (panting). From an endocrine point of view, this adaptive cascade raises cortisol levels and reduces metabolic activity. It is concluded that heat stress causes a voluntary reduction in feed intake to mitigate the caloric increment of digestion, which deteriorates feed conversion, reduces daily weight gain, and extends the housing period, generating economic losses and significant productive losses for global swine farming.

Autores

  • Janaína Paolucci Sales de Lima

  • Rodrigo Henrique Risso Aires Alves

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